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PROTOTYPE
The approach that Graphene USA will use is to produce a continuous sheet of graphene on a copper foil roll over eleven hours. The down-time would be approximately one hour for cleaning the equipment before starting another eleven-hour production run of graphene. The same time span will apply for both types of SPM. Some of the support equipment for the prototype SPM’s will be purchased from CVD Equipment Corporation to save time in prototype development. The photographs on this page are the support equipment from CVD Equipment Corporation
Gas lines and vacuum process exhaust/pump exhaust systems (above) and production system (below)
Secured Proprietary Software Development
The software that operates both Graphene USA’s flake and sheet graphene machines is proprietary software that is being developed by Graphene USA. Non-disclosure Agreements (NDA’s) would provide some protection of the software integrity; however, such protection would be beneficial with “honest” people. People who were intent of gaining access to the software (thieves) would ignore NDA’s. Prevention of proprietary software access by physical means – such as unique key cards -- would make it more difficult to gain access to the process software and more secure. We are currently in discussion with a software design engineer to determine the means to best secure our proprietary software.
PRODUCTS
At present, unless a soldier is wearing a bulletproof vest, a military uniform will not prevent a soldier from being injured by a handgun or a rifle bullet. With the addition of graphene into the uniform material, bullets can be stopped and lessened the likelihood of soldiers being injured. Our preliminary research indicates that with sufficient graphene being impregnated into a military uniform, a bullet can be stopped. Once we have completed our research and know how many layers of graphene are necessary to stop bullets, we will subcontract with companies that produce military uniforms to incorporate graphene into some of their products. We have already identified companies that produce uniforms for the US military. It is not Graphene USA’s intention to sell military uniforms; rather, we will provide graphene to those companies to incorporate into the uniforms. Again, we will contract with the companies to share the profit that those companies receive in their military uniform sales, likely on a royalty basis
GrapheneUSA will donate thirty of our graphene-production machines to the US military. With the help of the military maintenance facilities, we will learn what percent of graphene is necessary to incorporate into the paints that are used on all types of military equipment, including vehicles, aircraft, and naval vessels. That knowledge learned from the military experiences in the use of graphene added to paint will allow us to recommend the percentage of graphene added to all types of paints for companies that sell paint for non-military applications. Those types of paint manufacturers produce paint for every application currently marketed in the entire world. Our preliminary research indicates that graphene-impregnated paints will last longer and have reduced fading caused by sun damage and by oxidative aging of the paint on all painted surfaces.
Graphene USA does not plan to enter the paint market directly. Rather, we will sell graphene to companies that manufacture paint. We expect to receive income from those paint companies on a royalty basis for their sales of graphene-added paints.
Saltwater passed through a sheet of graphene can separate the salt and other particulates from the water, producing pure water. Sewage water passed through graphene filtration equipment could provide potable, thereby reducing the cost to municipalities for sewage treatment.
Our research will develop the necessary techniques to incorporate graphene into water purification equipment. We will market our water purification technology to those companies involved in water purification. We will contract to receive income from those companies on a royalty basis for their equipment that incorporates our graphene technology.
Graphene incorporated into surgical masks would improve the filtration effectiveness of the masks to help prevent infection by Covid-19 and other possible airborne infections. At present, one of the most effective surgical masks is the 3M N95 mask. By introduction of graphene into that type of mask, we can improve the effectiveness of the masks to near 100% effective. By incorporating graphene into the mor e common “blue” masks that are worn by the general public because of the Covid 19 presence, we can improve its effectiveness as well in preventing airborne inhalation of the virus particles. We would subcontract with companies that produce facemasks to incorporate graphene into some of their products. We would make contractual arrangements with those companies to share in the profits of their graphene-incorporated products, likely on a royalty basis.
The addition of graphene to air filters would improve their effectiveness in removing dust, pollen, and even much smaller particles from the air that passes through the filters. We would subcontract with companies that produce air filters to incorporate graphene into those air filters. We would make contractual arrangements with air filtration production companies to share in the profit from the graphene-impregnated products that they sell on a royalty basis.
AEROSPACE AND DEFENSE INDUSTRIES
GrapheneUSA offers 'The Lab Series' products for research (graphene helmets with GPS and communications, graphene bulletproof vests, explosive detectors, etc.), there are a number of current applications made with products you can find in our online store:
•Anti-fog crystals
•Stronger and lighter materials with graphene composites are even able to replace steel in combination with epoxy
•Anti-electric shock coating such as, for example, those caused by a lightning strike to the outside of aircrafts.
Fuel additive that increases efficiency with lower consumption and less pollution
Graphene in paints, coatings, resins, epoxy and other building materials enhances the hardness, durability, compression, and tensile strength.
It also reduces the weight of materials, while being 200 times stronger than steel.
The addition of graphene increases the coverage of the all paints, coatings, resins and epoxy.
Graphene’s two-dimensional structure in the nanoplatelet form results in very high aspect ratio, high surface area materials which are particularly suited for use as multi-functional additives in paints and coatings.
•Barrier effect: anti-oxidant, anti-scratch and anti UVA rays.
•High resistance: they do not crack, are resistant to water and oily elements.
•They provide electrical and thermal conductivity.
•The possible applications for the sector are surprising in their diversity:
•Solar paints, capable of absorbing solar energy and transmitting it into housing thanks to its formulation with Graphene Nanoplatelets.
•Sealant paints which prevent the passage of electromagnetic waves.
•Paints that keep heat inside the home.
•Coatings that turn a normal wall into an interactive screen, although this is still under study; it is one of the most promising applications of graphene.
•Scratch-resistant and antioxidant coatings that are used in all kinds of steel products and structures, but excels in ships, bridges and civil engineering of structures exposed to the sea.
•Anti-bacterial coatings that facilitate the cleaning of kitchen cabinets and countertops.
•Non-stick paints that improve the characteristics of Teflon.
•Anti-fog coatings and UV ray blockers for windows.
BATTERY AND ENERGY STORAGE
Nanotechnology, apart from its multiple applications, is beginning to be used for the benefit of the arms industry. This raises the possibility of terribly effective and devastating new weapons. Thanks to graphene and nanotechnology, rifles of all kinds can be manufactured. Integrated computers would allow the remote control of any weapon as well as a more compact assisted operation would facilitate better robotics. In addition, these materials would be manufactured with a minimum amount of metal, so it would be much more difficult to locate them by radar. These ideas are only a small part of all the possibilities that would trigger the use of Graphene in the arms industry.
While talking about its structure, Graphene is a substance formed by pure carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure. It is very light, a sheet of 1 square meter weighs only 0.77 milligrams. It is considered 200 times stronger than steel and its density is approximately the same as that of carbon fiber, being approximately 5 times lighter than steel. This and some other peculiar characteristics of Graphene allows its use in a variety of industries. This article aims to discuss the defense and military applications of graphene.
STRUCTURAL CONCRETE, ASPHALT, CEMENT AND MORTAR
stronger, stiffer and lighter
The NanoCrete4™ Graphene high strength concrete additive produces a high yield of concrete without defects.
Graphene layer that blocks all water penetration to protect concrete from the detrimental expansion and contraction effects of freezing and hot environments.
Used in conjunction with modern manufacturing techniques and scaled up, which will reduce the cost for materials, labor and storage.
AUTOMOBILE AND AIRPLANE INDUSTRY
Graphene, for its very varied characteristics, offers diverse applications for the automotive sector. At Graphene USA, we summarizes the characteristics and applications of graphene for the automotive sector with the most commercial potential:
•Additive to improve existing lubricants: thanks to the use of graphene in existing lubricants, it manages to reduce friction, provide better resistance and produce a cooling effect of the part exposed to friction.
•Anti-corrosion coating forms an extremely strong and resistant protective layer that isolates it from corrosion and rust and provides
an anti-scratch effect.
•Element to replace noxious additives that are currently used in lubricants.
•Virtually unbreakable anti-fog windows.
•Stronger, more resistant and lighter structures and chassis.
•More resilient tire's which do not heat up and which better grip the asphalt.
•More durable batteries which take less time to charge in hybrid or electric cars.
•Stronger, more antibacterial interiors which are shielded from UVA rays.
BATTERY AND ENERGY STORAGE
Energy storage is one of the hottest topics as far as the use of graphene is concerned. The diversity of special features of graphene makes this material suitable for use in batteries and super capacitors:
•Greater ratio of surface area to volume, ensuring a greater charge in less space.
•High conductivity, which allows electrons to move much faster.
•Waterproofing, which helps to prevent corrosion.
•Allows much faster charging (up to 10 times faster).
•Ensures greater durability of the battery before it loses charging capacity.
At Graphene USA we offer a variety of graphene products that can be used in super-productive solar panels, lithium-ion batteries, acid / lead batteries, super capacitors and fuel cells capable of charging in minutes, storing much more energy in the same amount of space and having a much longer lifespan than current models.